Sun Web Stack Installation and Configuration Guide

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*Sun Web Stack Installation and Configuration Guide*
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[*Download the PDF*|http://dlc.sun.com/pdf/820-6719/820-6719.pdf]

h2. Introduction

Sun Web Stack is a complete open source web application platform consisting of Apache, Lighttpd, MySQL, PHP, Tomcat, Glassfish, Ruby and Python. It has robust support for B2B/B2C Applications, Web Services, CMS and Intranet applications. It also comes with support for Memory Caching framework (memcached), Dynamic Trace debugging (DTrace), Xdebug and advanced PHP security framework (Suhosin).

| lighttpd Web Server\\ | 80 |
| MySQL Database Server\\ | 3306 |
| Squid Proxy Server\\ | 3128 |
| Apache Tomcat\\ | 8080 |
| memcached | 11211\\ |

h2. User Permissions

{code}
# Run the installation script to begin the installation. The list of available installer commands are shown in the following table.

|| Installer Commands\\ || Description \\ || Platform\\ ||
| ./install \-h\\ | Displays the available options with the installer.\\ | Solaris/Linux\\ |
| ./install amp\\ | Installs the complete AMP stack, which includes Apache HTTP Server, PHP and MySQL.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install apache\\ | Installs Apache HTTP Server.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install lighttpd \\ | Installs lighttpd Web server.\\ | Solaris/Linux  |
| ./install memcached\\ | Installs memcached memory caching system.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install mysql\\ | Installs MySQL database server.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install php\\ | Installs PHP language support.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install python\\ | Installs Python language support.\\ | Solaris |
| ./install ruby\\ | Installs Ruby language support \\ | Solaris |
| ./install squid\\ | Installs Squid Proxy Server.\\ | Solaris/Linux |
| ./install tomcat\\ | Installs Apache Tomcat Application Server.\\ | Solaris/Linux |

| Squid Proxy Server\\ | SUNWgss, SUNWkrbu, SUNWlibsasl, SUNWopenssl-libraries, SUNWpr, SUNWtls, SUNWperl584core | OpenSSL 0.9.8b or higher, OpenLDAP 2.3.27 or higher\\ |
| MySQL \\ | SUNWperl584core, SUNWopenssl-libraries\\ | OpenSSL 0.9.8b or higher\\ |
| PHP \\ | SUNWpostgr-82-libs, SUNWopenssl-libraries  \\ | OpenSSL 0.9.8b or higher, OpenLDAP 2.3.27, postgresql-libs 8.1.11 or higher, pcre 6.6 or higher, gmp     |
| memcached \\ | None  \\ | None \\ |

The following list describes the file structure for Apache HTTP Server:
|| On Solaris\\ || On Linux\\ || Description ||
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/httpd.conf | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/httpd.conf | Contains server configuration files. A newly-installed server contains a default {{httpd.conf}} file. This is the main configuration file. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/conf.d | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/conf.d | Contains additional server configuration files. By default, server will load all the.conf files placed under this directory. It also has 2 additional.load configuration files-modules-32.load and modules-64.load which contain {{LoadModule{}}}directives for loading the 32 and 64-bit bundled apache modules respectively. All the.conf files in this directory are included by the following line in {{httpd.conf}}:\\
{{Include /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/conf.d/*.conf}}. \\
You can add the additional configuration here. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/envvars | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/envvars | Contains the environment settings that the server uses at startup.\\
When the {{/usr}} is mounted as read-only, you will not be able to modify the envvars file present in {{/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/envvars}}. To modify the environment settings you need to edit the envvars file present in the path {{/etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/envvars}}. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/magic | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/magic | Magic data for mod_mime_magic Apache module as documented in the /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/manual/mod/mod_mime_magic.html file. Editing this file is not recommended. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/mime.types | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/mime.types | Default MIME types file. This file sets the default list of mappings from filename extensions to content types, changing this file is not recommended. Use the {{AddType}} directive instead. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/original/ | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/original/ | Contents under this directory are delivered as-is from the apache distribution and these files are not meant to be read by the server. | |
| /etc/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/sample-conf.d | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/sample-conf.d | Contains sample {{.conf}} files. These are not included in the main configuration file. To use the sample file, copy the file to {{conf.d}} directory and modify as per the need. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/bin | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/bin | Contains the 32-bit httpd(Pre-fork MPM) and httpd.worker(Worker MPM) executables as well as other utility programs. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/bin/\[isainfo\] | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/bin/\[isainfo\] | Contains the 64-bit {{httpd}} (Prefork MPM) and {{httpd.worker}} (Worker MPM) executables as well as other utility programs. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/manual | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/manual | Contains the Apache HTTP Server manual in HTML format. | |
| /opt/webstackapache2/2.2/include | /opt/sun/webstackapache2/2.2/include | Contains the Apache HTTP Server header files, which are needed for building various optional server extensions with apxs(8). | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | Contains 32-bit loadable modules (DSOs) supplied with the server. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec/\[isainfo\] | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec/\[isainfo\] | Contains 64-bit loadable modules (DSOs) supplied with the server. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/man | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/man | Contains man pages for the server, utility programs, and {{mod_perl}}. Add this directory to your MANPATH to read the Apache HTTP Server man pages. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib | Contains the 32-bit apache2 core libraries. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib/\[isainfo\] | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib/\[isainfo\] | Contains the 64-bit Apache 2 core libraries. | |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib/perl | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/lib/perl | Contains the 32-bit modules and library files used by the {{mod_perl}} extension to Apache HTTP Server. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/cgi-bin | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/cgi-bin | Default location for the CGI scripts. This can be changed by altering the {{httpd.conf}} file and restarting the server. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/htdocs | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/htdocs | Default document root. This can be changed by altering the {{httpd.conf}} file and restarting the server. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/icons | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/icons | Icons used by the server.This should not be changed. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | Place holder for 32-bit user apache modules. Any 32-bit modules which are added using apxs(8)are copied into this directory. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec/\[isainfo\] | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec/\[isainfo\] | Place holder for 64-bit user Apache 2 modules. Any 64-bit modules which are added usingapxs(8) are copied into this directory. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/logs | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/logs | Contains server log files. The formats, names, and locations of the files in this directory can be altered by various configuration directives in the {{httpd.conf}} file. | |
| /var/opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/proxy | /var/opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/proxy | Directory used to cache pages if the caching feature of {{mod_proxy}} is enabled in the {{httpd.conf}} file. The location of the cache can also be changed by changing the proxy configuration in the {{httpd.conf}} file. | |
Modules {{mod_fcgid}}, {{mod_jk}},{{mod_security}}, and {{mod_dtrace}} are integrated to Apache 2. For more information about these modules, see [http://fastcgi.coremail.cn/doc.htm], [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/generic_howto/quick.html], [http://www.modsecurity.org/documentation/index.html], and [http://prefetch.net/projects/apache_modtrace/mod_dtrace.c]

h3. MySQL Database Files

The following list describes the file structure for PHP:
|| On Solaris \\ || On Linux \\ || Description ||
| /opt/webstack/php5/5.2/bin | /opt/sun/webstack/php/5.2/bin | Contains the PHP configuration executables. |
| /opt/webstack/php5/5.2/lib | /opt/sun/webstack/php/5.2/lib | Contains PHP library files. |
| /opt/webstack/php5/5.2/modules | /opt/sun/webstack/php/5.2/modules | Contains PHP modules for PHP extensions. |
| /opt/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | /opt/sun/webstack/apache2/2.2/libexec | Contains the PHP module for Apache 2 (32-bit) prefork MPM and the module name ismod_php5.so. \\ |
| /opt/webstack/php/5.2 | /opt/sun/webstack/php/5.2 | Contains the default configuration file (php.ini). |
| /etc/opt/webstack/php/5.2/conf.d | /etc/opt/sun/webstack/php/5.2/conf.d | Contains extension specific INI files for each PHP extension . Here, you can enable or disable various extensions that are integrated with the package. |
{note:title=Note} The PHP extensions like {{APC}}, {{DTrace}}, {{XDebug}}, {{suhosin}}, and{{ tcpwrap}} are disabled by default. To enable these extensions, you need to uncomment the respective line ({{extensions=<module-name>.so}}) in the{{{}conf.d}} file.
{note}

h3. Ruby Files

The following list describes the file structure for Ruby:
|| On Solaris \\ || On Linux\\ || Description ||
| /var/opt/webstack/ruby/1.8/gem_home | /var/opt/sun/webstack/ruby/1.8/gem_home | Contains the Ruby gems repository. \\ |
| /opt/webstack/ruby/1.8/bin | /opt/sun/webstack/ruby/1.8/bin | Contains the Ruby executable as well as other utility programs, and Ruby gems programs. These programs are linked from {{/usr/bin}}.&nbsp; |

h3. Squid Proxy Server Files

The following list describes the file structure for Squid Proxy Server:
|| On Solaris\\ || On Linux \\ || Description ||
| /opt/webstack/squid/bin | /opt/sun/webstack/squid/bin | Contains the executable for the Squid Proxy Server client and to run the cache. |
| /opt/webstack/squid/libexec | /opt/sun/webstack/squid/libexec | Contains the libraries. |

PHP extensions are available in two forms, PECL (PHP Extension Community Library) and PEAR (PHP Extension and Application Repository). PECL extensions are shipped as C source code. PECL extensions are compiled C language extensions linked to the PHP core. As C programs , PECL extensions run more efficiently than PEAR packages. PECL includes modules for XML-parsing, access to additional databases, mail-parsing, embedding Perl or Python in PHP scripts.

A PEAR package is distributed as a gzipped tar file. Each archive consists of source code written in PHP, usually in an object-oriented style. Many PEAR packages can readily be used by developers as ordinary third party code via simple include statements in PHP.

h4. Installing PECL extensions

The PECL extensions need to be compiled to shared object files (.so) before they can be used with PHP. To compile PECL extensions you need to have mandatory development packages installed on your system. You can install Sun Studio for this purpose. Sun Studio software delivers a optimizing C and C+\+ developer toolchain for Solaris, OpenSolaris and Linux platforms. More information on Sun Studio is available at [http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/|http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/].

After installing Sun Studio, run the following command to download, compile and install the PECL extension:

On Solaris:
{code}
# /opt/webstack/bin/pecl install <extension name>
{code}
On Linux:
{code}
# /opt/sun/webstack/bin/pecl install <extension name>
{code}
On OpenSolaris:
{code}
# /usr/bin/pecl install <extension name>
{code}
If you are not sure of the extension name, use the following command to get a list of all the available extensions:

On Solaris:
{code}
$ /opt/webstack/bin/pecl list-all
{code}
On Linux:
{code}
# /opt/sun/webstack/bin/pecl install <extension name>
{code}
On OpenSolaris:
{code}
$ /usr/bin/pecl list-all
{code}

h4. Installing PEAR extensions

Run the following command to download and install the PEAR extension:

On Solaris:
{code}
# /opt/webstack/bin/pear install <extension name>
{code}
On Linux:
{code}
# /opt/sun/webstack/bin/pear install <extension name>
{code}
On OpenSolaris
{code}
# /usr/bin/pear install <extension name>
{code}

h3. Installing Python extensions

Python extensions are supported through Easy Install. Easy Install is a python module (easy_install) bundled with setuptools that lets you automatically download, build, install, and manage Python packages. easy_install is capable of downloading and installing python extensions from PyPI (Python Package Index) repository.

{code}
# python setup.py install
{code}

h4. Using easy_install

easy_install is very easy to use. Just use the following command to download and install the python extension.
{code}
# python easy_install.py <package name>
{code}
You can browse through the PyPI repository by visting [http://pypi.python.org/pypi|http://pypi.python.org/pypi]&nbsp;

h3. Installing Ruby extensions (RubyGems)

{code}
If you are not sure of gem name, use the following command to get a list of all the available gems:
{code}
# gem list -r -d
{code}